EPC bands
EPC bands A to G, and how many homes sit in each
An Energy Performance Certificate gives a home a score from 1 to 100, grouped into bands from G at the lowest to A at the highest. The score reflects a standardised assessment methodology using the details recorded by the assessor. It is a modelled comparison measure, not a guarantee of what any household will pay for energy.
Certificates usually show two figures: a current score and a potential score. The potential score models what the assessment method predicts if the recommended measures on that certificate were carried out. Both are estimates.
The full band scale
- Band A, scores 92 to 100Very high modelled efficiency. Rare in existing housing stock.
- Band B, scores 81 to 91High modelled efficiency, common in recent new build homes.
- Band C, scores 69 to 80Above the typical range for older homes across England and Wales.
- Band D, scores 55 to 68The most common band for existing homes in the analysed data.
- Band E, scores 39 to 54Below typical modelled performance, often solid wall or older heating.
- Band F, scores 21 to 38Low modelled performance recorded in the assessment.
- Band G, scores 1 to 20Lowest modelled performance on the EPC scale.
Each band is labelled with its letter and score range in text, so the information does not rely on colour alone.
How many current properties are in each band
These are the 19,324,312 current properties in the analysed England and Wales release. Each row gives the band, its score range, the number of current properties in that band and its share of the total.
| Band | Score range | Current properties | Share of total | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Band A | 92–100 | 154,321 | 0.8% | |
| Band B | 81–91 | 2,713,425 | 14.0% | |
| Band C | 69–80 | 6,908,943 | 35.8% | |
| Band D | 55–68 | 6,952,377 | 36.0% | |
| Band E | 39–54 | 2,105,048 | 10.9% | |
| Band F | 21–38 | 383,564 | 2.0% | |
| Band G | 1–20 | 106,634 | 0.6% | |
| Total | 1–100 | 19,324,312 | 100% |
The bars repeat the counts visually and are hidden from screen readers, because every figure is already given as a labelled number in the table. Each percentage is rounded independently to one decimal place, so the column does not add to exactly 100%. The counts are the published figures and are not adjusted to make the percentages tidy.
Median score and largest band are two different things
The national median current score is 69, which is the bottom of band C, while band D holds more current properties than any other band. Both statements describe this analysed release of current properties, not the whole housing stock and not any household's energy bill.
The median comes from ordering every current score and taking the middle one, so at least half of current properties score at or below 69 and at least half score at or above it. The largest band is a plain count of one category: band D holds 6,952,377 current properties, more than any other band. A band can therefore be the largest without containing the middle score, because cumulative score ordering and a single category’s count are different measures. Differing band widths affect the counts but are not the sole reason the two figures point to different letters.
Adjacent band endpoint scores are one point apart
- Band D to band C: The adjacent endpoint scores are one point apart: 68 is the top of band D and 69 is the bottom of band C. Two scores taken from anywhere inside these bands can be much further apart.
- Band C to band B: Again the adjacent endpoints are one point apart: 80 is the top of band C and 81 is the bottom of band B.
- Band E to band D: The adjacent endpoints here are 54, the top of band E, and 55, the bottom of band D.
These are arithmetic facts about the scale, not a promise that any measure will move a score by a given number of points. EPC Benchmark attaches no point gain to any individual measure.
Band guides
These sit alongside the other homeowner resources on the EPC guides page, including the annotated sample certificate and the glossary.
- Scores 69–80EPC rating C: what it meansPlain-English context for band C homes and sensible next checks.
- Scores 55–68EPC rating D: what it meansPlain-English context for band D homes and sensible next checks.
- Scores 39–54EPC rating E: what it meansPlain-English context for band E homes and sensible next checks.
What an EPC does and does not tell you
It does
- Record the property attributes the assessor observed, such as walls and glazing.
- Give a standardised score so different homes can be compared on the same basis.
- List improvement measures the methodology identified, in a recorded order.
It does not
- Predict your actual bills, which depend on how a household lives.
- Replace a survey, a heat-loss assessment or professional design advice.
- Stay accurate forever: work done after the assessment is not reflected.
Where to find your official certificate
Official domestic certificates for England, Wales and Northern Ireland are published on the UK government’s EPC register, and Scotland maintains its own register. You can normally look up a property there using its address and postcode, and download the certificate along with its full recommendation report.
How to find and check your official EPC certificate
Open the official certificate service on GOV.UK
EPC Benchmark does not connect to those registers in this release and cannot retrieve, confirm or amend a certificate. Always treat the official register as the authoritative source for a specific property.
See an annotated sample EPC (fictional example)Look up any unfamiliar term in the EPC glossaryRead the data notes for this releaseFrequently asked questions
What are the EPC band score ranges?
Bands run from G at scores 1 to 20, F at 21 to 38, E at 39 to 54, D at 55 to 68, C at 69 to 80, B at 81 to 91, and A at 92 to 100 on the 1 to 100 domestic scale.
Which EPC band is the most common?
Band D holds more current properties than any other band in this analysed release: 6,952,377 of 19,324,312 current properties in England and Wales, or 36.0%. Band C is close behind at 35.8%.
Why does the national median score sit in band C if band D is larger?
The two figures measure different things. The median comes from putting every current score in order and taking the middle one, which in this release is 69, the first score in band C. The most common band is the count of a single category, and band D holds the most properties. Both describe this release of current properties, not the whole housing stock.
Do the band percentages add up to 100?
Not exactly. Each percentage is rounded independently to one decimal place, so the column can total slightly more or less than 100. The counts are the published figures and are not adjusted to make the percentages tidy.
How far apart are the endpoint scores of two adjacent bands?
One point. The top score of band D is 68 and the bottom of band C is 69; the top of band C is 80 and the bottom of band B is 81. Two scores taken from anywhere within adjacent bands can be far further apart. This is arithmetic about the scale, not a statement that any particular measure would move a score across a boundary.
Where do I find the certificate and band for a specific home?
Certificates for England, Wales and Northern Ireland are published on the government's Find an energy certificate service, and Scotland maintains its own register. EPC Benchmark publishes aggregate figures only and holds no address-level certificate records.
Source and licensing
Every figure on this site comes from the published aggregate files in this release: national totals from national.json, district views from the matching postcode-district file, and national type-and-age groups from archetypes.json. Each page draws only on the files relevant to the figures it shows. The source snapshot ends 31 July 2026 and this release was generated on 23 August 2026. This is not live data and it does not update automatically.
Underlying data: EPC Register (MHCLG), ONS National Statistics UPRN Lookup. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. See the data sources and licensing page and the methodology.
See the bands applied to a real comparison
Enter a score with a postcode district, property type and construction age band to see the published band distribution for each view.
Compare an EPC score